Variable spacing mechanism for typewriting or like machines



Oct. 24, 1950 w. GRAEPEL 2,527,213

' VARIABLE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING 0R LIKE MACHINES Filed April 24, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 W & k

b N Q Q X l: w .INVENTOR U) wl'l/l'aim Grae ve/ L: BY dawn-q yMj ATTORN EYS Oct. 24, 1950 w. GRAEPEL. 2,527,213

' VARIABLE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING 0R LIKE MACHINES Filed April 24, 1947 .4 Sheets-$heet 2 5. E N) w m W INVENTOR.

Oct. 24, 1950 w. GRAEPEL 2,527,213

VARIABLE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING 0R LIKE MACHINES 4 Shets-Sheet 3 Filed April 24, 1947 ATTORNEYS 0 r INVENTOR.

will/cam Grae el I swwg M w. GRAEPEL 2,527,213

SPA G HANISM FOR TING L MACHINES VARIABLE TYPEWRI Oct. 24, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 24, 1947 Patented Oct. 24, 1950 VARIABLE SPACING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITIN G OR LIKE MACHINES William Graepel, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Royal Typewriter Company, Inc., New York, N'. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 24, 1947, Serial No. 743,66;

This invention relates to variable spacing mechanism for typewriting or lik machines, and more particularly to escapement controlling mechanism for effecting variable carriage incremental letter-spacing movements corresponding to the width of thechar acter to be typed.

Some typewriting or like machines are equipped with type members having type faces varying substantially in width. In order that such machines may produce neat typing with properly and accurately formed and proportional characters it is desirable that the machine carriage be fed in step-by-step or incremental letterspacing movements corresponding to the width of the characters, being typed. Thus in an oriental language such as Arabic, some characters require a carriage letter-spacing movement about double that required by other characters. The width of the characters and the corresponding proper carriage spacing movement do not necessarily depend upon whether the characters are upper or lower case characters. For best results it is desirable that some Arabic characters be typed with single spacing for lower case and double spacing for upper case, others with single spacing in both upper and lower cases, others with double spacing for lower case and single spacing for upper case, and still others with double spacing for both upper and lower cases. 7 The patents to Lewis C. Myers 1,676,278 and 1,676,279 disclose typewriters in which the case (upper or lower) is determined by the position of a shiftable carriage, and in which mechanism is provided for controlling the length of the carriage letter-spacing movements generally in accordance with the width of the character being typed.

An object of the present invention is to provide improved mechanism for causing carriage incremental letter-spacing movements to conform to the width of the characters being typed.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved variablespacing mechanism for a typewriter or like machine of the kind in which the case is determined by the shifting of a framemounted support, such as a basket or segment, on which the type members are mounted.

- A further object of the invention is to provide a variable spacing mechanism for a typewriter or like machine of the kind in which the case is, determined by the shifting of a frame-mounted type bar segment, the spacing mechanism being adapted to provide, depending upon the width of each character to be typed, relatively short spacing in lower case and relatively long spacing 13 Claims. (Cl. 19784) in upper case, or relatively short spacing in both.

upper. and lower cases, or relatively long spacing in lower case and relatively short spacing in upper case, or relatively long spacing in both upper and lower cases;

Other objects will become apparent from a reading of the following description, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a fore-and-aft vertical sectional view through a typewriter embodying the invention, showing only some conventional typewriter parts in order to assist in understanding the invention, some parts being shown in section and some in elevation; This view shows parts of a case shift mechanism and one type bar and. associated mechanism by which the carriage is controlled to travel a single space for lower case typing and a double space for upper case typing;

Figure 2 'is a fragmentary detail elevational view of an escapement mechanism as viewed from the front;

' Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevation of parts of an escapement mechanism and means for controlling the mechanism to provide for either single or double spacing movement of the carriage, the controlling mechanism beingshown in active position;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing mechanism for controlling the carriage to travel a single space for both upper and lower case typing, case shifting mechanism shown in Figure 1 being omitted from Figure 4;

Figures 5 and 6 are views similar respectively to Figures 2 and 3;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure l but showing mechanism for controlling the escapement to determine double space carriage movement for lower case typing and single space carriage movement for upper case typing;

Figures 8 and 9 are views similar respectively to Figures 2 and 3; I

Figure 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of mechanism for actuating the escapement controlling means to determine letter spacing carriage travel corresponding to varying widths of the characters to be typed; and

Figure 11 is a detail perspective View of an escapement rocker assembly and part of an escapement control member.

A preferred form of the invention is illustrated as being embodied, in a typewriting machine adapted for typing Arabic and which, with the exception of inventive features and constructions to be described, conforms generally to theknown construction of the Royal Standard typewriter. However, the invention may be employed in typewriters of other kinds as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

Among the known parts shown are a main frame, portions of which are shown at A, and a carriage supporting a platen or cylinder B. The carriage is mounted on the frame to perform incremental letter-spacing movements and return movements with respect to the frame. Mounted for vertical shifting movements on the frame is a type member support or segment C on which type members are mounted for movement to typing position and return. The drawings show only three of such type members being in the form shown, type bars I, I and W pivotally mounted as at 2 on the support or segment C. The type bar heads normally are supported on a head rest 3 and are formed with lower case characters 4 and uppercase characters 5. Normally the type member support C is in its upper position, corresponding to lower case typing, so that when the type members are moved to printing position the lower case characters 4 will be operative. When the segment C is shifted to its lower position, the upper case characters 5 will be operative.

The type bars l l and l are representative of other type bars (not shown) but which are embodied in a complete machine so as to provide for the typing of all necessary characters.

The illustrated mechanism for operating the type bars is of the kind customarily employed in Royal Standard typewriters. It includes key levers 6 6 and 6 associated respectively with the type bars l 1*, and l. The key levers 6 6 and 6 are pivoted at I on the main frame and are connected to their respectively associated type bars by similar mechanisms. The mechanism connecting the key lever 6 to the type bar I includes a link 8 connected at its lower end to the lever 6 and at its upper end to a rockable front link 9 A fore-and-aft extending link I0 is interposed between the front link 9 and a lever l I pivoted on the main frame. The lever H is connected by a link I2 to the heel l3 of the type bar I. A pull rod or link I4 is connected at its front end to the lever H and at its rear end is looped or hooked as at I5 to embrace a universal bar It forming part of the usual universal frame H which is pivoted on the main frame as at l8 and is adapted when rocked to actuate escapement mechanism in a Well known manner. The universal bar It provides a support for guiding the link l4 to move in a substantially fixed path. The link [4 is formed with a crook I9 providing for the attachment of the front end of a spring the rear end of which is anchored to a fixed part 2| as shown in Figure 10. The operating parts interposed between the typing key 6 and the type bar l and the universal frame I! are similar to those used in the Royal Standard typewriter with the exception that the rear end of the link l4 is formed in a novel manner for cooperation with other parts to be described in controlling the escapement to determine either relatively long or relatively short carriage incremental movement.

Connections intervening between the key levers 6 and 6 and the respectively associated type bars l and 1 and between these key levers and the universal frame I! are similar to the connections associated with the key lever 6, with the exception that the rear end portions of the 4 pull links I4 and |4 are formed differently from the rear ends of the pull link M. The similar parts of the operating connections are therefore designated by corresponding reference numerals with the exception that the parts of the connections associated with the key lever 6 are designated by numerals having exponents b and parts of the connections associated with the key lever 6 are designated by numerals having exponents c. I

The escapement mechanism proper may be of the kind disclosed in the Myers Patents 1,676,278 and 1,676,279 previously referred to, and is so constructed as to effect letter-spacing movement of the carriage from left to right as viewed by an operator facing the machine. The mechanism shown includes a dog rocker 22 pivoted as at 23 on the frame A. The dog rocker carries a fixed dog 24 and a movable dog 25 pivoted to the rocker as at 26. The movable dog 25 is urged in a clockwise direction about its pivot 26 by means of a spring 21. The dogs 24 and 25 cooperate alternately with teeth on an escapement wheel 28 to enable the wheel to partake of step movements in response to rocking of the rocker 22. Fast with the escapement wheel 28 is an escapement pinion 29 which normally is in mesh with an escapement rack 30 carried by and forming part of the carriage. A pin stop 3| on the dog rocker 22 limits the spring-urged move: ment of the movable dog 25 to the position indicated at a in the drawings. When, in the course of rocking of the rocker 22, the movable dog 25 is permitted to move from the full line position shown in Figure 2 to the position indicated at a, a single rocking cycle of the member 22 will effect a double-spacing movement of the carriage. On the other hand, when the springurged retracting movement of the movable dog 25 is limited to the position shown in dotted lines at b in Figure 2, a rocking cycle of the rocker 22 will produce only a single space movement of the carriage. Mechanism for controlling the movable dog 25 so as to limit its retracting movement to the position indicated at b will be described hereinafter.

Any suitable mechanism may be provided for effecting case shifting movement of the support or segment C. In the form shown a shift key lever 32 is .pivoted on the frame as at 33 and is formed with an upstanding arm 34. A two-armed lever 35 is pivoted as at 36 on the lever 32. A cushioning spring 31 is interposed between the rear arm 35 of the lever 35 and the upstanding arm 34 on the shift key lever 32, the arrangement being such that when the key lever is rocked counterclockwise, actuating force will be transmitted through the cushioning spring 31 so as to rock the two-armed lever 35 counterclockwise. The arm 35 of the twoarmed lever 35 is connected to an adjustable link 38, the rear end portion 39 of which is pivoted as at 40 to an arm 4| fast with a rock shaft 42 mounted on the frame by means not shown. Also fast with the rock shaft 42 is an arm 43 which is urged clockwise by a counterbalancing spring 44 anchored to the main frame as at 45. A force-transmitting link member 46 pivoted as at 41 to the segment C and as at 48 to the arm 43 is adapted to pull the segment C downwardly when the shift key lever 32 is depressed to rock the shaft 42 and arm 43 counterclockwise. As shown in Figure 10 there are two arms 43 and two connecting links 46, one of each '01 these parts, being dis-' posed at opposite ends of the shaft 42.

,The means for controlling the escapement mechanism to determine either a relativelylong clockwise about its pivot by a spring 55, a stop car 56 on the lever 49 :being engageable with the lower part of the lever 54 for limiting its spring-urged movement. The upper end of the lever 54 is formed with a control finger 51, best shown in Figure 11. Normally the parts are in the positions shown in Figures 1 and 11 with the control finger 51 bein disposed out of operative relationship with the movable dog 25. When the control member 54 is rocked clockwise together with the lever 49 and about the pivot 50, the control finger 51 is moved inwardly to intersect the plane of the escapement wheel 28 and to be positioned in the of the movable dog 25 about its pivot 25.,

When the carriage is at rest and no typing key has been depressed, the parts of the escape.- ment mechanism will be in the relative positions shown in Figures 2, 5, and 8. Ihe urging of the carriage toward the operators right by the carriage driving means (not shown) tends to.

rotate the escapement wheel 28. in the direction of the arrow shown in these three figures. Howe,

ever, an escapement wheel tooth indicated at c is blocked by the movable escapement dog 25,

which is abutting the stop screw 25 so that the carriage cannot move. At this time the escapement control finger 51 is in a retracted position as shown in Figures 1, 4, and '7 wherein it is disposed out of the plane of the escapement wheel 28. Upon depression of a typing key under operating conditions which do not eiTect operation of the levers 49- and 54, the escapement rocker 22 will be rocked in the usual manner so as to swing the escapement dogs 25 and 24,

clockwise as viewed in Figures 1, 4, and. 7. The movable dog 25 will move to the rear, of the escapement wheel tooth c, and the fixed dog 24 will move into the path of the tooth 0 so as to be engaged by the tooth c when the movable dog 25 moves out of engagement with the tooth, the dog 24 then holding the escapement wheel 28 against rotation. When the movable dog 25' has been released from engagement with the tooth c as described above, it is rocked clockwise by the spring 2'! until arrested by they stop pin 3i. At this time the movable dog 25will be in the position a in Figures 2, 5, and 8. When the depressed typing key is released, the escapement rocker 22 will return to its original position, the movable dog 25 will move between the es capement teeth d and e, and the fixed dog 24 will release the tooth c. 'I'hereupon, the carriage will move toward the operators right, and the escapement wheel 28 will rotate clockwise until the escapement wheel tooth e drives the movable dog 25 against the stop 25; whereupon, the tooth e will be blocked, rotation of the escapement wheel 28 will be stopped, and the carriage will be brought to rest.

The operation of the escapement mechanism just described produces a relatively long or double letter spacing movement of the carriage lpath of movement becausa-after' releasing the escapement wheel: tooth c, the carriage was not brought to rest, until the movable dog 25 blocked the escapement wheel tooth e, spaced two tooth spaces from the .previously held tooth 0. During thisoperatio-n the escapement control means comprising the escapement control finger 51 was inactive. When the character to be typed requires a single space ing instead of adouble spacing carriage movement the levers 49 and 54 are operated by mechanism to be described so as to move the control finger 51' to operative position to determine a single space carriage movement. Assuming again that the parts start operating from the positions shown in Figures 2, 5, and 8, depres-- sion of the typing key 6 rocks the escapement; rocker 22 in the same manner as before, and substantially simultaneously the levers 49 and, 54 are rocked clockwise about the pivot 50 as viewed in Figures 1, 4, and '7. When movementof the rocker 22 causes themovable dog 25 to be disengaged from the escapement wheel tooth c, the spring 21 will swing the dog 25 clockwise about its pivot 26, but the dog will be arrestedby the control finger 51 which will hold thev dog in the position indicated at b in Figures 2,5, and 8. The movable dog 25 will then be disposed between the escapement wheel teeth 0 and 01 instead of between the teeth (1 and e as previously described. Consequently, when the.

typing key is released to permit the rocker 22 to return to its normal position, the tooth (1 immediately adjacent the previously held tooth 0 will engage and will be blocked by the movable dog 25 when the latter abuts the stop screw 25 v Consequently, the carriage will be arrested after having performed a relatively short or single letter spacing movement. 7

In accordance with the invention novel and improved means are provided for actuating the escapement control levers 49 and 54 so as to de-. termine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of the type member support, carriage incremental movement which is relatively long in both upper. and lower case typing, or relatively short in both upper and lower case typing, or relatively short in lower case typing and relatively long in upper. case typing, or relatively long in lower case. typing and relatively short in upper case typing. In the preferred embodiment, the links 45 connected between the rock arms 43 and the type bar segment C are provided with rearwardly extending arms 58 on which is mounted a shaft or rod 59 carrying a rockable bail including a horizontal universal bar BI. The bar 5| extends transversel with respect to and adjacent-thelower end of the vertically extending lever element 49 so that-when the bail 69 is rocked counterclockwise the bar 5! will engage the lever 49 and rock the latter clockwise about its pivot 55 to move the control finger 51 to operative position. The link extension arms 58 and, consequently, the bail 59 move upwardly and downwardlywhen the segment 0 is shifted. However, the lower end of the lever 49 is sufficiently long to provide for operative connection between the universal bar 6| and the lever 49 when the segment C is in either of its fixed positions.

The extensions 58 may be formed integrally with the segment shift links 46 as shown in Fig ures 1, 4, and 7, or may be formed separately and Secured to the links 58; by suitable means such as screws 58 as indicated ,in Figure 10. The lat-1 ter arrangement is desirable when adapting.

standard typewriter parts for use in a machine embodying the present invention. 1

As previousl stated, the links Hl', 14 and I l have differently formed rear end portions I, I5 and [5. The differently formed link rear end portions determine the conditions under which the bail 6D is operated for effecting single or; double space movement of the carriage. As shown in Figures 1 and 10, the rear end portion l5 of the link lt' has a downwardly extending part 62 disposed behind the bail bar 6|. When the bail bar BI is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 10, corresponding to the lower case posi-' tion of the segment C, the downwardly extending link part 62 projects a little below the universal bar 6| so that, when the link 14 is pulled forrdly in response to the depression of the associated key lever 6 the part 62 will engage the universal bar 6| and rock the bail 66. As previously explained, rocking of the bail 66 will actuate the levers 46 and 54 so as to move the control finger 51 into operative position, thereby limiting the carriage movement to a single space or relativel short movement corresponding to the width of a narrow character 4 carried by the type bar'l If the segment C is shifted to its lower position, corresponding to upper case typing, the bail 60 will be moved downwardly to such an extent that the universal bar 6| will be disposed out of or below the path of the link part 62. Thus, upon depression of the typing key 6 and forward movement of the link M", the link part 62*- will move idly over the universal bar 6|. The bail 68 and the levers 46 and 54 will not be rocked, and the control finger 51 will remain inactive, permitting thecarriage to partake of s, relatively long or double space movement which will correspond to the width of the relatively wide upper case character 5 0n the type bar I.

As shown in Figures 4 and 10, the rear end portion l5 of the link 14' has a relatively long downwardly extending part 62 disposed adjacent the universal bar 6|. The length of part 62 is such that when the link W is moved forwardly the part 62* will engage and operate the universal bar 61 irrespective of whether the segment 0 is in upper or lower case position. Consequently, depression of the key lever 6 will cause the carriage to perform a single letter spacing movement irrespective of whether the segment C is in upper or lower case position.

As shown in Figures '7 and 10, the link H! has a rear end portion l5 provided with a rearwardly extending U-shaped section 63 disposed opposite the universal bar 6| when the latter is in its upper position, corresponding to the lower case position of the segment C. Below the section 63 the link rear end portion l5 has a part 6'12 disposed below the universal bar 6i when the latter is in lower case position. When the segment C is in lower case position, the key 6 is depressed, and the link i6 is moved forwardly, the U-shaped section 63 of the link It will pass freely over the universal bar 6| and the latter will not be actuated. Consequently, typing of the lower case character 4 on the type bar I will be accompanied by double space carriage movement. When, however, the segment is shifted to upper case position, the bail bar 6| will be moved downwardly so as to be in the path of the link part 62. If the typing key 6 is depressed with the parts so disposed, the part 62 will engage and operate the universal bar 6| to move the:

control finger 51 to active position, thereby lim-' single space.

Figure 10 shows a fourth type or shape of link,

M which is associated with type actions in connection with which double space movement of the carriage is required for both lower case and upper case typing, It will be observed that the link W has no part capable of engaging and rocking the universal bar 6|.

If the bail 60 were to be operated inadvertently under such conditions as to move the auxiliary stop or control finger 51 against the front face of the dog 25 when the latter is in the posi tion a shown in Figure 2, the spring 55 would yield, permitting the finger 51 to stop. In this way straining or breaking of the parts when the finger 5'! is obstructed would be prevented.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that the escapement control mechanism, including theparts 62*, 62 and 62 deployed along-the bail bar 6|, is capable of determining selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case being typed, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed. Thus, depression of a key such as the key 6 will cause the type bar I to type in lower case with a relatively short carriage movement, and in upper case with a relatively long carriage movement. Depression of a key such as the key 6 will cause the associated type bar 1 to type in both upper and lower case with a relatively short accompanying carriage movement. Depression of a key such as the key 6 will cause the associated type bar I to type in lower case with a relatively long accompany ing carriage movement, and in upper case with a relatively short accompanying carriage movement. Finally, depression of a key (not shown) for operating a type bar associated with a link such as the link M will cause the type bar to type in both lower and upper cases with a relatively long accompanying carriage movement.

The construction shown for the purposes of illustration embodies the invention in the form mostpreferred, but it will be understood that changes maybe made without departing from the invention as defined in the claims.

I claim: Iv

1. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for efiecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a support mounted to shift on said frame; type members mounted on said support; means including a force-transmitting member for shifting said support to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said typemembers and said escapement mechanism; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a relatively long or a relatively short increment of carriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating saidescapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of said support, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means including a bail having a bar adapted to operate said escapement controlling means,'means pivoting said bail on said force transmitting member, whereby operation of said force-transmitting member will shift said bail bodily to two positions corresponding to lower and upper. case positions of said support, and links connected respectively to difierent ones of saidkeys, certain of said iinks having partsengagable with said bail bar' only when saidbail is in one of its said positions, and others of said links having parts en- 'gageablewith said bail bar only when said bail is in the other of its said positions.

2. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for efiecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a support mounted to shift on said frame; type members mounted on said support; means including a force-transmitting member for shifting said support to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said type members and said escapement mechanism;

means for controlling said escapementmechanism to determine a relatively long or a relatively short increment ofcarriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of said support, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means includin a bail having a bar adapted to operate said escapementcontrolling means, means pivoting said bail on said force-transmitting member, whereby operation of said force-transmittin member will shift said bail bodily to two positions corresponding to lower and upper case positions of said support, and links connected respectively to different ones of said keys, certain of said links having parts engageable with said bail bar only when said bail is in one of its said positions, others of said links having parts engageable with said bail bar only when said bail is in the other of its said positions, and others ofsaid links having parts engageable with said-bail bar when said bail is in eitherof its said positions.

3. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a universal bar .for operating said escapement mechanism; a support mounted to shift on said. frame; type members mounted on said support;

means for shifting said support to determine upper or :lower case typing by said, members;

keys for operatingxsaid type members; links operable. respectively by said keys andbeing connected .to, and supported by said universal bar for operating the latter; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to-determine a rela,- tively long or a relatively, short increment of,

carriagecletter-spacing travel; and. means otuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controllingmeans to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of said support, carria e incremental movement correspondin to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means including a bail having a bar adapted to operate said escapementcontrolling means, means for shiftingi said bail to two fposi tions corresponding. respectively to lower and upper case positions of said support, parts on certain of said links being located to be engageable with said bail bar only when said bail is'in one of its said positions, and parts on others of said links being located to be engageable with Said bail bar onl wnen'said bail isiillthe other of its said positions.

4. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame? a'carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a support mounted to shift on said frame; typemembers mounted on said support; means for shifting said support to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said type members and said escapement mechanism; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a relatively long or a relatively short increment of carriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case osition of said support, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means comprising a vertically extend ing element operatively connected to said escapement controlling means, a bail including a bar extending horizontally adjacent said element, means operable by said support shifting means for shifting said bail to two positions correspond- 5 ing respectively to lower and upper case positions of said support, the bail bar being operatively engageable with said element in both shifted posi tions of said bail, and parts operable respectively by dififerent ones of said keys, certain of said parts being operatively engageable with said bail bar only when said bail is in a certain one of its shifted positions. 1 I

5. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for efiecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a support mounted to shift on said frame; type members mounted on said support; means for shifting said support to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operatin said type members and said escapement mechanism; means for controlling said escap'ement mechanism to determine a, relatively long or a relatively short increment of carriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating, said esca'pement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according" to the case position of said sup port, carriage incremental movement correspond ing to the width of the character to be typed;

said key actuatable meanscomprising vertically extending. element operatively connected to said escapement'controllingmeans, abail including a bar extending horizontally adjacent said element,

means" operable by said support shifting means:

for shifting said bail to two positions corresponding respectively to lower and upper case positions of said support, the bailbar being operatively engageable with said element ill both shifted positions of said ball, and parts operable respec-v tively by difierent ones of .said keys and being severally operative upon said bail bar depending ing incremental letter-spacing carriage move ments; a case-shift element; means for shifting said element; typing keys; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a rela-x tively long or a relatively short increment of oar-' riage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement mechanism'and saidescapement controlling means to" determine selectivelyfaccording to which key is operated and according to the case position of said case-shift element, carriage incremental movement corresponding'to the Width of the character to be typed, said key-actuatable means including a universal bar for operating said escapement controlling means, means for shifting said universal bar selectively to two positions in response to shifting of said case-shift element, a plurality of links connected respectively to said typing keys, and a support for guiding said links to move longitudinally in substantially fixed paths, said links having parts projecting transversely with respect to the direction of longitudinal movement of said links and being disposed differently with respect to said universal bar so as respectively to be engageable therewith in different ones of said two positions of said universal bar.

'7. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage mounted for letter-spacing movements on said frame; escapement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing carriage movements; a case-shift element; means for shifting said element; typing keys; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a relatively long or a relatively short increment of carriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement mechanism and said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case positionlof said case-shift element, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key-actuatable means including a universal bar for operating said escapement controlling means, means for shifting said universal bar selectively to two :positions in response to shifting of said case-shift element, a. plurality of links connected respectively to said typing keys, and a support for guiding said links to move longitudinally in substantially fixed paths, said links having bar-engaging parts extending transversely of the direction of longitudinal movement of said links, certain of said parts being relatively short and so disposed as to be engageable with said universal bar only when the latter is in a certain one of itssaidtwo positions, and others of said parts being relatively long and so disposed as to beiengageable With said uni:

versal bar when the latter is in either; of its said two positions.

8. In a typewriting ,or like machine having an escapement mechanism including a rocker and a dog movabl mounted on said rocker, a stop for positioning said dog for effecting double space control by said escapement mechanism, an auxiliary stop, an operating member on which said auxiliary stop is mounted, means for actuating said operating member to mo've'said auxiliary stop into position to control said dog for effecting single space control by said escapement mechanism, and means impositively urging said auxiliary stop to move with said operating member but being yieldable during movement of said operating member for permitting said auxiliary stop t cease its operating movement if such movement is obstructed.

9. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted ontsaid frame; es-. capement mechanism for efiecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a uni-. versal bar for operating said escapement mecha-., nism; a case shift element mounted to shift on said frame; movably mounted type members;

means for shifting said case shift element to dc-,- termine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said type members; links operable respectively by said keys and being cone nected to and supported by said universal bar for operating the latter; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine'a relatively long or relatively short increment of carriage let'- ter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according tov which key is operated and according to the case position of said case shift element, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means including a bail having, a bar adaptedto operate said escapement controlling means, and means for shifting said bail to two positions corresponding respectively to lower and upper case positions of said case shift element, parts on certain of said links being located to be engageable with said ball bar only when said bail is in one of its said positions, and parts on others of said links being located to be engageable with saidbail bar only when said bail is in the other of its said positions.

10. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said'frame; escapement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a case shift member mounted to shift on said frame; movably mounted type members; means for shifting said case shift member to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said type members and said escapement mechanism; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a, relatively long or a relatively short increment of carriage letterspacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of said case shift member, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means comprising a verticall extending element operatively connected to said escapement controlling means, a bail including a bar extending horizontally adjacent said element, means operable by said shift-1 ing means for shifting said bail to two positions corresponding respectively to lower and upper case positions of said caseshift member, the bail bar being operatively engageable' with said ele ment in both shifted positions of said bail, and

parts operable respectively-by different ones of said keys, certain of said parts being operatively engageable with said bail bar only When'said ball is in a certain one cfits shifted positions.

11. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; es-

capement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; acase shift member mounted to shift on said frame; movably mounted type members; means for shifting said case shift member to determine upper or:

lower case typing by said members; keys for op-'= erating said type members and said escape t ri e r'it mechanism; means for controlling said escape-j ment mechanism to determine a relatively long 7 or a relatively short increment of carriage letter-g spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated. andfaccordingto the case 1;; position of said case shift member, carriagein-f cremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means comprising a vertically extending element operatively connected to said escapement controlling means, a bail including a bar extending horizontally adjacent said element, means operable by said shiftin means for shifting said bail to two positions corresponding respectively to lower and upper case positions of said case shift member, the bail bar being operatively engageable with said element in both shifted positions of said bail, and parts operable respectively by different ones of said keys and being severally operative upon said bail bar depending upon the shifted position of said case shift member and the particular one of said parts which is actuated.

12. In a typewriting or like machine, a frame; a carriage movably mounted on said frame; escapement mechanism for effecting incremental letter-spacing movements of said carriage; a universal bar for operating said escapement mechanism; a case shift element mounted to shift on said frame; movably mounted type members; means for shifting said case shift element to determine upper or lower case typing by said members; keys for operating said type members; links operable respectively by said keys and being supported by said universal bar and being formed with hooked portions embracing said universal bar for operating the latter; means for controlling said escapement mechanism to determine a relatively long or a relatively short incrementof carriage letter-spacing travel; and means actuatable by said keys for operating said escapement controlling means to determine selectively, according to which key is operated and according to the case position of said case shift element, carriage incremental movement corresponding to the width of the character to be typed, said key actuatable means including a bail having a bar adapted to operate said escapement controlling iary stop, an operating member on which said auxiliary stop is pivoted, means for actuating said operating member to move said auxiliary stop into position to control said dog for effecting single space control by said escapement mechanism, a spring urging said auxiliary stop to move with said operating member but being yieldable during movement of said operating member for permitting said auxiliary stop to cease its operating movement if such movement is obstructed, and a stop part for limiting pivotal movement of said auxiliary stop under the urge of said spring.

WILLIAM GRAEPEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,250,416 Barr et a1. Dec. 8, 1917 2,212,435 Buschmann Aug. 20, 1940 2,224,766 Dodge Dec, 10, 1940 2,268,867 Gabrielson et a1. Jan. 6, 1942 2,385,036 Smathers Sept. 18, 1945 V FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 53,822 Austria of 1912 

